F4050 Úvod do fyziky mikrosvěta

Faculty of Science
Spring 2002
Extent and Intensity
4/2/0. 7 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. RNDr. Aleš Lacina, CSc. (lecturer)
Mgr. Lenka Czudková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Aleš Lacina, CSc.
Department of Plasma Physics and Technology – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: doc. RNDr. Aleš Lacina, CSc.
Prerequisites (in Czech)
( F1030 Mechanics and molecular physic && F2050 Electricity and magnetism )||( F1090 Mechanics and molec. physics && F2030 Electricity and magnetism )
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Macro- and micro. Electromagnetic radiation as a system of photons. Atomic structure. The old quantum theory. Atomic spectra. The wave - particle dualism and its physical interpretation. Fundamentals of wave mechanics. Fundamentals of nuclear and particle physics.
Syllabus
  • Macro... and micro... Physical objects and its description; reality, abstraction, model; microscopic and macroscopic theories, concepts of structure of matter and their development, objects of macroworld - particles and waves. Electromagnetic radiation as system of photons. Historical development of views on nature of light, blackbody radiation, the quantum hypothesis, photoelectric emission, scattering of radiation by free electrons. Atomic structure. Historical development of views on the atom, the discovery of the electron, early models of the atom, Rutherford's scattering experiments, the discovery of the atomic nucleus. The old quantum theory. The planetary model of the atom, problem of its stability, the Bohr model for the hydrogen atom, the Franck-Hertz's experiment, the Bohr-Sommerfeld's model of the atom, the Mendeleev periodic system. Atomic spectra. Emission and absorption optical spectrum of the atom, characteristic and continuous X-ray radiation, emission and absorption X-ray spectra, interaction of radiation on periodic structures, technological and medical applications, fundamentals of dosimetry. The wave-particle dualism and its physical interpretation. The de Broglie's hypothesis, Davisson-Germer's and Thomson's experiments, Young's double slit experiment with classical particles, waves and microobjects. Fundamentals of wave mechanics. The wave function, the superposition principle and its physical meaning, wave packet, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle for position and momentum, measurement in microworld, the relation of classical and quantum mechanics. The detection of particles. The scintilation method, ionization methods, neutron detection, the Cerenkov counter, the cloud chamber, the bubble chamber, the spark chamber, photographic methods. Text ze sylabu 1998: Physical world and its description: Reality, abstraction, model, concepts of structure of matter and their development, macroscopic and microscopic theories and their verification, objects of macroworld - particles and waves. Electromagnetic radiation - particles ? waves ? photons: Historical development of views on nature of light, blackbody radiation, the quantum hypothesis, photoelectric emission, Compton effect. Atomic structure: Historical development of views on the atom, the discovery of the electron, early models of the atom, scattering experiments, the discovery of the atomic nucleus. The old quantum theory: The planetary model of the atom, problem of its stability, the Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, the Bohr-Sommerfeld's model of the atom, the Mendeleev periodic system. Atomic spectra: Emission and absorption optical spectrum of the atom, emission and absorption X-ray atomic spectra, spectral analysis, interaction of radiation with periodic structures, technological and medical applications. The wave-particle dualism: The de Broglie's hypothesis, Davisson-Germer's and Thomson's experiments, Young's double slit experiment with classical particles, waves and microobjects. Fundamentals of wave mechanics: The wave function, the superposition principle and its physical meaning, wave packet, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle for position and momentum, measurement in microworld, the relation of classical and quantum mechanics. Fundamentals of nuclear and particle physics: Nuclear properties, radioactive decay, nuclear reactions, nuclear models, nuclear fission and fusion, particle interactions, families of particles, conservation laws, quark model.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
General note: S.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2008 - for the purpose of the accreditation, Spring 2011 - only for the accreditation, Spring 2001, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2009, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, spring 2012 - acreditation, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017, spring 2018, Spring 2019, Spring 2020, Spring 2021, Spring 2022, Spring 2023, Spring 2024, Spring 2025.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2002, recent)
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