PřF:C7187 Experimental oncology - Course Information
C7187 Experimental oncology
Faculty of ScienceAutumn 2024
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
In-person direct teaching - Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Pavel Bouchal, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Roman Hrstka, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Petr Müller, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Pavel Fabian, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Eva Budinská, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Martin Bartošík, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Pavla Bouchalová, Ph.D. (lecturer) - Guaranteed by
- doc. Mgr. Pavel Bouchal, Ph.D.
Department of Biochemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: doc. Mgr. Pavel Bouchal, Ph.D.
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Wed 16:00–17:50 C05/114, Wed 16:00–17:50 C05/114
- Prerequisites
- C4182 Biochemistry II || Bi4020 Molecular biology || Bi4010 Essential molecular biology || LF:BLBC0211p Biochemistry - lecture
This course is suitable for students of master and doctoral studies in Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostics. The knowledge at biochemisty and molecular biology basic courses level is required. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- Bioanalytical Laboratory Diagnostics in Medicine - Bioanalyst (programme PřF, N-BIA)
- Biochemistry (programme PřF, N-BIC)
- Biomedical bioinformatics (programme PřF, N-MBB)
- Molecular Biology and Genetics (programme PřF, B-EXB)
- Molecular Biology and Genetics (programme PřF, N-EXB)
- Special Biology (programme PřF, B-EXB)
- Course objectives
- At the end of the course, the students will understand the mechanisms of malign transformation, the biology and biochemistry of tumor cells as well as the mechanisms of cancer development and spreading. They should be able to apply genomics, epigenetics, proteomics and statistical approaches and to use the main database resources in experimental oncology. The students will understand principles of molecular cloning, the approaches used in production and purification of proteins and development of antibodies, the use of therapeutic antibodies and gene therapy. They will be able to correctly decide about the proper use of biological material such as model systems (cell lines, animal models), human tissues and plasma for various types of experiments and studies. They will also obtain basics of oncological pharmacology including drug discovery and testing.
- Learning outcomes
- At the end of the course, the students will understand the mechanisms of malign transformation, the biology and biochemistry of tumor cells as well as the mechanisms of cancer development and spreading. They should be able to apply genomics, epigenetics, proteomics and statistical approaches and to use the main database resources in experimental oncology. The students will understand principles of molecular cloning, the approaches used in production and purification of proteins and development of antibodies, the use of therapeutic antibodies and gene therapy. They will be able to correctly decide about the proper use of biological material such as model systems (cell lines, animal models), human tissues and plasma for various types of experiments and studies. They will also obtain basics of oncological pharmacology including drug discovery and testing.
- Syllabus
- 1. Introduction, organization of the course (P. Bouchal). Physical, chemical and biological factors of carcinogenesis: Physical radiation, mechanisms of chemical carcinogens, tests of mutagenity, viral transformation. Morphological and biochemical changes in transformed cells, hypoxia. Mechanisms of cytostatic agents action, drug resistance.
- 2. Introduction to tumor cell biology (R. Hrstka). Mechanisms of malign transformation. Angiogenesis, formation of metastases. Important signal pathways in tumors. Tumor epidemiology. p53 protein, potential use in the therapy focused on the cell cycle.
- 3. Methods in molecular oncology (R. Hrstka). Human genome mapping, functional genomics. PCR based methods, chip based methods, next generation sequencing. Gene engineering. Model systems in applied research.
- 4. The use of human biological material in research (P. Fabian). Human tissues as a source of information and a tool for validation of data obtained from experimental models. The use and processing of tissue samples. Predictive and prognostic pathology. Biological characteristics of tumors and their prognosis. Biological predictors of therapeutic response.
- 5. Molecular pathology and personalized medicine (R. Hrstka). Clinically used biomarkers, laboratory techniques, co-alteration and dysregulation of signal pathways, decision making, preanalytical issues, biomarkers in clinical studies.
- 6. Proteomics approaches in experimental oncology (P. Bouchal). Untargeted and targeted proteomics, protein/peptide quantification. Functional proteomics in oncology research, analysis of protein-protein interactions, biomarker discovery, verification and validation. Selection of suitable biological and tumor material and methods, design of the study, data validation and interpretation. Practical examples of proteomics outputs.
- 7. Model systems in experimental oncology (P. Bouchalová). Preparation of cellular systems using CRISPR/Cas9, realization in practice. In vitro models – 2D a 3D approaches, analysis of cell migration and invasiveness. In vivo models – mice xenografts, „cell line derived xenografts“ (CDX), „patient derived xenografts“ (PDX), humanized mice models.
- 8. Development of new methods for studing of nucleic acids (M. Bartošík). DNA hybridization and development of hybridization biosensors for DNA-based biomarker detection. Basics of epigenetics and detection of epigenetic changes (DNA methylation, microRNA) using biosensors. The use of nanomaterials, nanoparticles, quantum dots. Electrochemical biochips.
- 9. Statistics (E. Budinská). How to achieve reproducibility and robustness of results. Design of the study and experiment, overview of statistical approaches for discovery of biomarkers and molecular signatures for tumor classification and diagnostics, validation of results. How to minimize false positive results.
- 10. Database resources and algorithms in in experimental oncology (P. Bouchal). Practical use of the databases and algorithms: NCBI, ExPASy, UniProt, BLAST, prediction of secondary structure and posttranslational modification of proteins. Human Protein Atlas. Oncomine. Epidemiology of tumors in the Czech Republic (SVOD).
- 11. Gene therapy (P. Müller). Diseases curable by gene therapy. Vectors for gene therapy. Perspectives of gene therapy. Viruses and their use in experimental oncology. Characterization and categories of viruses. Tumors and viruses. Adenovirus and lentivirus vectors. Viruses and gene therapy. Protein engineering (Dr. Müller). Protein-protein interactions, "phage display". Analysis of the activity. "Protein engineering". Protein and expression and purification.
- 12. Design, production and characterization of antibodies (P. Müller). Immunization schemas, suitable animals and antigens. Production, purification, characterization and labeling of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Application and humanization of antibodies.
- 13. Drug development (P. Müller). Therapeutic substance, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The models used for "drug screening". Databases of chemical substances versus natural products. Quantitative and structural analysis of the potential therapeutic substance. Rational drug development. Clinical studies.
- Literature
- recommended literature
- REJTHAR, Aleš and Bořivoj VOJTĚŠEK. Obecná patologie nádorového růstu. 1. vyd. Praha: Grada, 2002, 206 s. ISBN 802470238X. info
- Teaching methods
- Presentations by professionals followed by class discussion and answers to students' questions. Practical use of database sources.
- Assessment methods
- Written exam containing both test part and a part with questions that require written responses.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Enrolment Statistics (recent)
- Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2024/C7187