aVLPF0521p Patologická fyziologie I - přednáška

Lékařská fakulta
podzim 2018
Rozsah
2/0/0. 30. 0 kr. Ukončení: z.
Vyučující
prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc. (přednášející)
prof. MUDr. Julie Dobrovolná, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Věra Ježková (pomocník)
Garance
prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.
Ústav patologické fyziologie – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Ústav patologické fyziologie – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Rozvrh
Út 16:00–17:40 B11/334
Předpoklady
aVLFY0422c Fyziologie II - cvičení && aVLFY0422s Fyziologie II - seminář && aVLBC0422c Biochemie II - cvičení && aVLBC0422s Biochemie II - sem. && ( VLLM0421c Lékařská mikrobiologie I-cvič. || aVLLM0421c Lékařská mikrobiologie I - cv. ) && ( aVLFY0422p Fyziologie II - přednáška || aVLBC0422p Biochemie II - předn. )&& aVLHE0322c Histologie a embryologie II -c && aVLAN0222c Anatomie II - pitvy && aVLAN0222s Anatomie II - sem.
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The aim of the subject is to teach students to be able to answer a sufficient number of pathophysiologically asked questions "why", especially focused on these themes:
Pathological Physiology as a science. Disease, health, normality. Descriptivism contra normativism.
Physiology of genes, regulation of gene activity.
Monogenic and multigenic diseases.
Shock syndrome.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ionising radiation effects on cellular level.
Ionising radiation effects on tissue and organismal level.
Cardiovascular pathophysiology - systolic and diastolic function.
Cardiac failure.
Myocardial ischemia.
Hypertension.
Pathophysiology of the gas exchange in the lungs.
Pathophysiology of respiratory mechanics.
Chronic obstructive bronchopulmonary disease.
Restriction pulmonary diseases, respiratory failure.
Physiology of membrane transports.
Výstupy z učení
Student characterizes state of healthy and disease
Student calls main sources of interindividual variability
Student discusses influences which determined population frequencies of alleles
Student distinguishes mutation types according to the mechanism
Student describes base principles of methods detecting human genome and its variability
Student summarises base types of DNA reparation
Student describes base characteristics of monogenic diseases
Student discusses base principles and indications of gene therapy
Student knows an importance of the term of pharmacogenetics
Student demonstrates understanding of an influence of external factors on disease development
Student characterizes base features of complex diseases
Student summarises importance of epigenetics
Student describes pathophysiology of stress reaction
Student defines homeostasis term
Student is able to describe base principles of multicellular organism functioning
Student identifies disorder of growth and development from ontogenetic point of view
Student describes results of hypoxia including HIF 1 program
Student explains a difference between local and systemic inflammation
Student explains pathogenesis of oedema
Student discusses etiopathogenesis of the most important ion homeostasis disturbances
Student distinguishes base acid base balance disturbances and possibilities of their compensation
Student applies knowledge of volume and tonicity regulation
Student discusses a role of platelets and physiological endothelium during antiaggregation state and understands base principles of antiaggregation therapy
Student knows principles and performance of base coagulation tests
Student explains wound healing process with examples of pathological healing
Student knows pathophysiology of urgent states in oncology diseases
Student explains an importance of micronutrients abnormalities
Student knows results of abnormal vitamin levels
Student explains mechanism of genomic and non- genomic effects of soluble in lipids vitamins
Student discusses pathophysiology of protein metabolism
Student understands the base principles of regulation of glucose
Student interprets knowledge of immune recognition of own and foreign structure on examples of specifically organ and systemic disorders
Student interprets immunological knowledge of hypersensitive mechanisms in pathophysiology of atopic and allergic changes
Student describes onset, signs and results of heart and vessels remodelling
Student applies chronobiology knowledge for explication of different pathophysiological changes
Osnova
  • Pathophysiology: an integrating medical speciality. Aetiology and pathogenesis of diseases.
  • Interaction of cells and intercellular communication, basic principles of intracellular signalling. Reaction of the cell on damage and hypoxia. Cell death. Cytokines network. Chemokines.
  • Inflammation. Acute phase reaction. Systemic reaction of organism on damage. Regeneration and reparation. Wound healing.
  • Hypertension. Remodelling of blood vessels. Diseases of peripheral blood vessels.
  • Metabolism of myocardium, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, myocardium infarction.
  • Pathophysiology of malignant transformation.
  • Stress
  • Stress, general adaptation syndrome.
  • Pathophysiology of gas exchange and ventilation control in the lungs.
  • Lung diseases.
  • Pathophysiological aspects of renal functions. Kidney diseases
  • Acute and chronic renal failure.
  • Pathophysiology of water and electrolytes. Tonicity and volume disturbances.
  • Pathophysiological aspects of metabolism of calcium and phosphates, bone pathophysiology.
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • NEČAS, Emanuel a spol. Obecná patologická fyziologie. 1. vyd. Praha: Karolinum, 2000, 377 s. ISBN 80-246-0051-X. info
  • NEČAS, Emanuel. Patologická fyziologie orgánových systémů. 1. vyd. Praha: Karolinum, 2003, 379 s. ISBN 9788024606750. info
  • NEČAS, Emanuel. Patologická fyziologie orgánových systémů. 1. vyd. Praha: Karolinum, 2003, s. 381-760. ISBN 9788024606743. info
  • Ivan Damjanov: Pathophysiology, ISBN 13: 978-1-4160-0229-1, Saunders Elsevier, 2009.
Výukové metody
lecture
Metody hodnocení
The attendance of lectures and only one absence on practicals per semester are necessary for succesfull accomplishment of the subject. Continous control of knowlledge in practicals is fully in powers of teachers (assays, tests...). Elaborated proceedings of practicals will be put to teachers for credit.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
http://www.med.muni.cz/patfyz
Další komentáře
Studijní materiály
Předmět je vyučován každoročně.
Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích podzim 2017, podzim 2019, podzim 2020, podzim 2021, podzim 2022, podzim 2023, podzim 2024.