VLFA0722c Pharmacology II - practice

Faculty of Medicine
Autumn 2011
Extent and Intensity
0/3/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
doc. MUDr. Regina Demlová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc. (alternate examiner)
doc. PharmDr. Jan Juřica, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Jana Pistovčáková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Jana Nováková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Ondřej Zendulka, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Mgr. Karel Šlais, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Jana Rudá, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Barbora Říhová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Alena Máchalová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Petra Amchová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Michaela Sabová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
PharmDr. Miroslav Turjap, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MVDr. Zuzana Babinská, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Jana Kubátová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
doc. MUDr. Regina Demlová, Ph.D.
Department of Pharmacology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Renata Bláblová
Timetable of Seminar Groups
VLFA0722c/01: Mon 3. 10. to Tue 11. 10. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 12. 10. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/02: Mon 19. 9. to Tue 27. 9. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 28. 9. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/03: Mon 2. 1. to Tue 10. 1. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 11. 1. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/04: Mon 12. 12. to Tue 20. 12. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 21. 12. 7:30–12:20 A19/231
VLFA0722c/05: Mon 28. 11. to Tue 6. 12. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 7. 12. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/06: Mon 14. 11. to Tue 22. 11. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 23. 11. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/07: Mon 31. 10. to Tue 8. 11. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 9. 11. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/08: Mon 17. 10. to Tue 25. 10. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 26. 10. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/09: Mon 14. 11. to Tue 22. 11. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 23. 11. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/10: Mon 31. 10. to Tue 8. 11. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 9. 11. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/11: Mon 17. 10. to Tue 25. 10. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 26. 10. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/12: Mon 3. 10. to Tue 11. 10. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 12. 10. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/15: Mon 12. 12. to Tue 20. 12. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 21. 12. 7:30–12:20 A19/231
VLFA0722c/16: Mon 28. 11. to Tue 6. 12. each working day 7:30–12:20 A19/231; and Wed 7. 12. 7:30–9:45 A19/231
VLFA0722c/30: No timetable has been entered into IS.
VLFA0722c/31: No timetable has been entered into IS.
VLFA0722c/32: No timetable has been entered into IS.
VLFA0722c/33: No timetable has been entered into IS.
Prerequisites (in Czech)
VLFA0621c Pharmacology I - practice && (VSAJ0222 English Language 1 II - practice || VSCJ0686 Czech Language for Foreigners VI - practice || VSNJ0222 German Language 1 II - practice || VSSJ0222 Spanish Language 1 II - practice)
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Abstract
At the end of the course student should be able to prescribe representatives of individual drug classes in the form of individually prepared pharmaceutical preparation and bulk drugs. The student should be familiar with pharmacological profiles of therapeutic and adverse effects of particular drugs with an attention paid to common drug-drug interactions.
Key topics
  • SEMINARS
  • Day 1 (Mon)
  • Introduction, organisatory remarks. Distribution of co-talks: Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics (6 topics). Sulfonamides, trimethoprim. Quinolones. Antituberculous drugs. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Histamine, H 1-3 receptors. Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Immunostimulation. Immunosuppression.
  • 1/ANALGESICS.
  • Opioid analgesics. Pharmacotherapy of pain. Prescription and practical use of analgesic preparations.
  • 2/NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS, DRUGS USED IN GOUT, ANTIPYRETICS.
  • Mechanisms of action and classification of antiinflammatory and antirheumatic drugs (NSAIDs and the 2nd-line agents). Drugs used in therapy of gout.
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Central neurotransmitters and sites of drug effects in CNS. Basic psychical functions.
  • Revision: Authonomic nervous system (see spring semester).
  • Day 2 (Tue)
  • 3/PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS.
  • Classification and terminology of psychotropics. Pharmacology of anxiolytics and hypnosedatives. Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines. Prescription of hypnosedatives and psychostimulants.
  • Work with PC - Microlabs, antidepressants.
  • 4/GENERAL AND LOCAL ANAESTHETICS.
  • Combined and balanced anaesthesia. Signs and stages of general anaesthesia. Inhaled and injected anaesthetics - classification and characteristics. Prescription of local anaesthetics.
  • Video-programme:General anaesthesia (cz).
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Structure of bacterial and mycotic cell, viruses.
  • Day 3 (Wed)
  • 5/ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS.
  • Classification, mechanisms of action, combinations of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics.
  • Co-talks.
  • 6/ CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS, ATHERAPY OF INFECTIOUS DIARRHEAS AND UROINFECTIONS.
  • Drugs acting in intestinal and urinary infections.
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Pathophysiology of asthma bronchiale and allergic reactions.
  • Day 4 (Thu)
  • PRESCRIPTION TEST: DRUGS ACTING IN CNS, DERMATOLOGY, ATB, LOCAL ANAESTHETICS.
  • 7/GLUCOCORTICOIDS.
  • Natural and synthetic adrenocorticosteroids, steroid receptors, mechanism of action, pharmacological use and side effects.
  • Co-talk: Histamine; pathophysiological role, H1- H2 - H3 receptors.
  • 8/H1-ANTIHISTAMINES,ANTIASTHMATICS.
  • Classification and clinical use of H1-antihistamines. Pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, sites and mechanisms of action of antiasthma drugs. Prescription of antitussives, expectorants, antiasthmatics.
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Physiology and biochemistry of hormones and vitamines.
  • Day 5 (Fri)
  • REVISING TEST I (Overhead-test with subsequent discussion) Lesson 1 – 6.
  • 13/ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS.
  • Therapy of IDDM, insulines. Peroral antidiabetics.
  • Co-talks.
  • 10/PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTICANCER DRUGS.
  • Classification, mechanisms of action, side effects.
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Hemocoagulation, pathophysiology of gastric ulcers.
  • Day 6 (Mon)
  • 11/ DRUGS USED IN ULCER DISEASE, ANTIEMETICS.
  • Classification, mechanisms of action and clinical use of drugs in therapy of peptic ulcer and vomiting.
  • 12/ ANTICOAGULANTS AND THROMBOLYTICS.
  • Fibrinolytics, haemostatics, therapy of haemopoietic disorders.
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Physiology of blood pressure regulation.
  • Day 7 (Tue)
  • REVISING TEST II (Overhead-test with subsequent discussion). Lessons 7 - 12.
  • 13/ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS.
  • Introduction, classification, diuretics, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, Ca2+ blockers.
  • 14/ HYPOLIPIDEMICS.
  • Therapy of hyperlipoproteinaemia and hypercholesterolaemia.
  • Getting ready for the next lesson: Lessons 1-14.
  • Day 8 (Wed)
  • FINAL REVISING TEST (Overhead-test III, classified).
  • Substitution tests.
  • CREDITS.
Study resources and literature
  • LINCOVÁ, Dagmar and Hassan FARGHALI. Základní a aplikovaná farmakologie. 2., dopl. a přeprac. vyd. Praha: Galén, 2007, xxiv, 672. ISBN 9788072623730. info
  • HADAŠOVÁ, Eva; Jana NOVÁKOVÁ; Jana PISTOVČÁKOVÁ; Jana VINKLEROVÁ; Alexandra ŠULCOVÁ and Olga STAROBOVÁ. Praktická cvičení z farmakologie (Practical lessons on pharmacology). 2. opravené a doplněné vyd. Brno: Vydavatelství MU Brno-Kraví Hora, 2003, 110 pp. Skripta. ISBN 80-210-2694-4. info
  • DOSTÁLEK, Miroslav; Jan JUŘICA; Eva JANOŠTÍKOVÁ and Lucia ZAHRADNÍKOVÁ. Farmakokinetika (Pharmacokinetics). ČR: Grada, 2006, 220 pp. Farmacie a farmakologie. ISBN 80-247-1464-7. info
  • http://portal.med.muni.cz/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=367
  • http://portal.med.muni.cz/clanek-461-farmakovigilance-a-propagace-leciv.html
  • https://is.muni.cz/auth/el/1411/podzim2008/VLFA0722p/um/Zasady_antibioticke_ lecby.pdf?fakulta=1411;obdobi=4343;kod=VLFA0722p
  • http://portal.med.muni.cz/clanek-367-vyzkum-novych-leciv-od-zrodu-k-registraci.html
  • Vybrané kapitoly z učebnice: http://books.google.cz/books?id=7lNQpLuETq4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=farmakologie&lr=&as_brr=3#PPA4,M1
  • Vybrané kapitoly z učebnice: http://books.google.cz/books?ct=result&q=farmakologie&lr=&as_brr=3&sa=N&start=0
  • Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews : Pharmacology, 4th Ed., Harvey, Richard A. - Champe, Pamela C. - Finkel, Richard - Cubeddu, Luigi - Clarke, Michelle A. 2008. 560 s. ISBN-10: 0-7817-7155-2, ISBN-13: 978-0-7817-7155-9
  • RANG, H. P. Rang and Dale's pharmacology. 6th ed. [S.l.]: Churchill Livingstone, 2007, xiii, 829. ISBN 9780443069116. info
  • Ritter, James M. - Lewis, Lionel D. - Mant, Timothy G.K. - Ferro, Albert. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 5th Ed., Hodder Arnold, 2008. 465 s. ISBN 978-0-340-90046-8
  • Pharmaceutical Practice. Winfield, A.J. & Richards, R.M.E., eds. Churchill Livingstone. , 3rd Ed. 2004. ISBN 0443 07206 X
Approaches, practices, and methods used in teaching
Drug classes specifics from the Syllabus are read firstly by the teacher and presented in video-programmes if available followed by discussion and training of drug prescription with the use of drug compendia and the computer database of the preparations registered in the Czech Republic (AISLP). Each student is asked to get ready as a homework to report on a specific pharmacological topic.
Method of verifying learning outcomes and course completion requirements
The participation in practicals is obligatory and registered. To get credits a student has to pass 4 written tests: a) 2 on special drug presriptions (assessed individually by the teacher), b) 2 multiple-choice tests on knowledge of topics taught (more than half correctly answered questions required).
Language of instruction
Czech
Teacher's information
Výuka probíhá na Farmakologickém ústavu LF MU, UKB, Kamenice 5, pavilon A19.
Úřední hodiny sekretariátu denně 13.00 - 14.00 hod, tel.: 54949 3070.


Syllabus of questions for exam on Pharmacology

EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS DEALING WITH DRUG PRESCRIPTION:

Prescribe:
Liquid powder against itching
Narrow-spectrum penicillin (ready-made)
Prescribe:
Iodine solution in alcohol for wound dressing
Aminoglycoside preparation (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Local anaesthetic for topical application on mucosal surface in ORL
Oral analgesic preparation containing paracetamol (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Solution of diluted hydrogen peroxide
Spasmolytic drug (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Dusting powder (without the active component)
Non-barbiturate hypnotic drug (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Disinfectant eye drops with adstringent effect
Drug for treatment of hypertension (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Jarisch solution for the foments
Antirheumatic agent (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Local anaesthetic for corneal anaesthesia
Antiemetic drug (ready-made)

Prescribe:
I. v. infusion of 5% glucose solution ­1000 ml
Antitussive agent (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Codeine in drops (orally)
Ointment with corticosteroid (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Expectorant with bronchodilator component
Chemotherapeutic preparation against urinary infections (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Solution of diluted hydrogen peroxide
Ointment with corticosteroid (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Disinfectant eye drops with adstringent effect
Anti-inflammatory oral preparation (ready-made)

Prescribe:
A cough suppressant (opioid derivate) in capsules
Proton pump inhibitor for treatment of peptic ulcer disease(ready-made)

Prescribe:
Morphine for oral administration
Non-salicylate antipyretic preparation (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Anti-tussive/expectorant mixture
Short-acting benzodiazepine hypnotic (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Oral drops with atropine
Antibiotic ointment (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Salicylic acid ointment (3%)
Cardiac glycoside in injections (ready-made)

EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS ON GENERAL PHARMACOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES:

 Abnormal reaction to a drug
Abnormal responses to drugs
Absorption and distribution of drugs
Adverse drug effects
Antagonism in drug effects
Basic pharmacokinetic processes
Biopharmaceutical drug interactions
Classification of receptors
Competitive dualism (partial agonism)
Dependence of drug effect on a route of administration
Development of a new drug
Drug addiction
Drug allergy
Drug delivery approaches
Drug elimination half-life; rate constant
Drug excretion
Drug interactions with serum proteins
Drug metabolism
Drug-receptor interactions
Effects of age on drug effect
Enteral administration of drugs
Enzyme induction and inhibition
Excretion of drugs
General principles of pharmacokinetics
Kinetics of drug oral administration
Non-specific mechanisms of drug effects
Parenteral drug administration
Parenteral routes of administration: characteristics; demands on injected solutions
Pharmacodynamic drug interactions
Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions
Pharmacokinetic processes determining serum drug concentration
Pharmacological mechanisms of drug effects
Pharmacopoea
Pharmacodynamic drug interactions
Possible mechanisms of synergistic drug effects
Principles of the "Good Clinical Practice"
Receptor-mediated drug effects
Regulation of drug development
Sites of drug binding in the organism
Synergistic and antagonistic drug/drug interactions
Synergism in drug effects
Targets for drug action
The management of poisoning
Therapeutic ratio
Type of drug effect changes after its repeated administration
Types of drug doses


EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS ON "DRUG CLASSES"

ACE-inhibitors
Adrenomimetic agents
Alpha-sympatolytics
Aminoglycosides
Antacids
Antianginal agents
Anti-anxiety drugs
Antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria
Anticoagulants
Antidepressants
Antidiabetics
Antidysrhytmic drugs I.
Antidysrhytmic drugs II., III., IV.
Antiemetics
Antiepileptic drugs
Antifungal drugs
Antihypertensive drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Antipsychotics
Anti-rheumatic drugs
Antiviral drugs
Beta-blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Cancer chemotherapeutics
Central nervous system stimulants
Disinfectants and antiseptics
Diuretics
Drugs to treat anemia
Folic acid and vitamin B12
Ganglionic blockers
General anesthetics for IV (IM) administration
Histamine H1-receptor blockers
Hormones
Hypno-sedatives
Cholinergic drugs
Inotropic drugs
Lipid-lowering drugs
Local anesthetics
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Non-narcotic analgesics Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents
Opioid analgesics
Parasympathomimetics
Pharmacotherapy of asthma bronchiale
Pharmacotherapy of myocardial infarction
Pharmacotherapy of Parkinson`s disease
Pharmacotherapy of peptic ulcers
Pharmacotherapy of skeletal homeostasis disorders
Spasmolytic agents for systemic administration
Sulphonamides
Tetracyclines
Vasodilators
Vitamines


QUESTIONS ON "DETAILED KNOWLEDGE"
- with regard to the "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines" :

abacavir acetazolamide acetylcysteine acetylsalicylic acid aciclovir albendazole alcuronium allopurinol aluminium hydroxide amikacin amiloride amitriptyline amlodipine amodiaquine amoxicillin amphotericin B ampicillin anti - D immunoglobulin artemether artesunate ascorbic acid asparaginase atenolol atropine azathioprine azithromycin bacitracin BCG vaccine beclometasone benzathinpenicillin benzoyl peroxide benzylpenicillin betamethasone biperiden bleomycin bupivacaine caffeine capreomycin carbamazepine carbidopa cefazolin cefixime ceftazidime ceftriaxone chlorambucil chloramphenicol chlorhexidine chlorine base compound chloroquine chlorphenamine chlorpromazine ciclosporin cilastatin ciprofloxacin cisplatin clavulanic acid clindamycin clomifene clomipramine clotrimazole cloxacillin co-amoxicillin codeine cyanocobalamin cyclophosphamide cycloserine cytarabine dactinomycin dapsone daunorubicin deferoxamine dexamethasone dextran diazepam didanosine diethylcarbamazine digoxin diloxanide methionine dopamine doxorubicin doxycycline efavirenz eflornithine enalapril ephedrine adrenaline ergocalciferol ergometrine erythromycin estradiol ethambutol ethanol ethinylestradiol ethionamide ethosuximide etoposide ferrous salt fluconazole flucytosine fluorescein fluorouracil fluoxetine fluphenazine folic acid furosemide gentamicin gentian violet glibenclamide glucose glyceryl trinitrate griseofulvin haloperidol halothane heparin human intravenous immunoglobulin hydralazine hydrochlorothiazide hydrocortisone ibuprofen imipenem + cilastatin indinavir insulin iodine ipratropium bromide isoniazid isosorbide dinitrate ivermectin kanamycin ketamine lamivudine levamisole levodopa levonorgestrel levothyroxine lidocaine lithium lopinavir lumefantrine magnesium sulfate mannitol mebendazole medroxyprogesterone acetate mefloquine meglumine antimoniate melarsoprol mercaptopurine metformin methadone methotrexate methyldopa methylrosanilinium chloride (gentian violet) methylthioninium chloride (methylene blue) metoclopramide metronidazole miconazole mifepristone misoprostol morphine naloxone nelfinavir neomycin sulfate neostigmine nevirapine niclosamide nicotinamide nifedipine nifurtimox nitrofurantoin6 nitrous oxide1 norethisterone nystatin ofloxacin oxamniquine oxygen oxytocin p-aminosalicylic acid paracetamol paromomycin penicillamine pentamidine phenobarbital phenoxymethylpenicillin phenytoin phytomenadione pilocarpine polyvidone iodine praziquantel prednisolone primaquine procainamide procaine benzylpenicillin procarbazine proguanil promethazine propranolol propylthiouracil protamine sulfate pyrantel pyrazinamide pyridostigmine pyridoxine pyrimethamine quinine ranitidine retinol ribavirin riboflavin rifampicin ritonavir salbutamol salicylic acid saquinavir simvastatin sodium fluoride sodium hydrogen carbonate sodium nitroprusside sodium thiosulfate valproate spectinomycin spironolactone stavudine streptokinase streptomycin sulfadiazine sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (co-trimoxazol) sulfasalazine suramin suxamethonium tamoxifen tenofovir testosterone tetracaine tetracycline thiamine thiopental timolol triclabendazole trimethoprim tropicamide urea valproic acid vancomycin vecuronium verapamil vinblastine vincristine warfarin zidovudine zinc sulfate
***
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2011, recent)
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