aVLPF0622p Pathophysiology II - lecture

Lékařská fakulta
jaro 2025
Rozsah
2/0/0. 30. 3 kr. Ukončení: zk.
Vyučováno kontaktně
Vyučující
prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc. (přednášející)
prof. RNDr. Monika Pávková Goldbergová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. MUDr. Julie Dobrovolná, Ph.D. (přednášející)
doc. RNDr. Sabina Ševčíková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Michal Jurajda, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. RNDr. Michal Masařík, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Bc. Lenka Hladíková (pomocník)
Mgr. Lukáš Pácal, Ph.D. (pomocník)
Garance
prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, Ph.D.
Ústav patologické fyziologie – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: Bc. Lenka Hladíková
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Ústav patologické fyziologie – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Předpoklady
aVLPF0521c Pathophysiology I - practice && aVLBC0422p Biochemie II - přednáška && aVLFY0422p Fyziologie II - přednáška
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The aim of the subject is to train medical students in preclinical thinking with a focus on etiology and pathogenesis of diseases and its dynamics in the context of organ system pathophysiology as well as general pathophysiology incl.:
Pathophysiology of cardiovascular system.
Pathophysiology of digestive system, nutrition deficits.
Pathophysiology of endocrine system, metabolic diseases.
Pathophysiology of hemopoietic system, neoplasias.
Rheumatic diseases. Immunologically conditioned diseases.
Pathophysiology of respiratory tract.
Pathofphysiology of kidneys, disturbances in metabolism of water and ions.
Pathophysiology of nervous system.
Pathophysiology of muscles and sensory organs.
Výstupy z učení
Student discusses the etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis at the molecular, cellular and tissue level
Student will describe the etiopathogenesis of systolic and diastolic dysfunction of myocardium and pressure and volume overload of the heart
Student distinguishes between the causes of arrhythmias
Student categorizes the clinical forms of ischemic heart disease and clinically important consequences of heart failure syndrome
Student will explain the general and special pathophysiology of shock conditions and basic types of shock
Student will sum up the most common causes of disorders of the respiratory apparatus
Student characterizes the pathophysiology of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema
Student will sum up the pathogenesis of respiratory insufficiency
Student controls the issue of regulation of renal perfusion
Student can explain the issue glomerulopathy
Student categorizes causes of acute and chronic renal failure
Student will explain the difference between acute and chronic effects of hormones
Student categorizes acute and chronic renal failure
Student will explain the difference between acute and chronic effects of hormones
Student discusses the pathophysiology of clinically significant endocrine disruption of the function
Student will describe the pathophysiology of clinically significant gastrointestinal disorders, from a clinical point of view
Student will describe the anemic syndrome including the effects of anemic hypoxia
Student discusses different classification of anemias
Student discusses the pathophysiological aspects of transfusion of blood and blood derivatives,
Student will describe the main categories of diseases of white blood cells
Student distinguishes principled differences between physiological and pathological blood clotting
Student discusses the most important hypocoagulation and hypercoagulation disorders
Student will sum up the etiopathogenesis of common diseases of the joints,
Student demonstrates a knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of diseases of the muscle and neuromuscular plate
Student rattles off examples of failures of a sensory sensation
Student demonstrates examples of common neurodegenerative diseases of CNS
Student discusses the pathophysiology of epilepsy,
Student will use knowledge of the composition of cerebrospinal fluid
Student argues the importance of stability of intracranial pressure and its components for the creation of intracranial hypertension
Student will sum up the function of autonomous (vegetative) system
Student will sum up the function of movement system and consequences of its failure
Student describes the systems important for the existence of consciousness and waking
Osnova
  • 1. Pathophysiology of GIT II – bowel diseases (incl. IBD) and etiopathogenesis of common malabsorption syndromes
  • 2. Pathophysiology of GIT III – etiopathogenesis of liver, pancreas and biliary tract disorders
  • 3. Pathophysiology of endocrine system I – homeostasis, principles of regulation and its disorders, chronobiology, central endocrine glands (hypothalamus, pituitary)
  • 4. Pathophysiology of endocrine system II – reproductive endocrinology disorders (ovaries, testes), abnormalities of fertility (PCOS), fetoplacental unit and pathophysiology of pregnancy (preeclampsia etc.)
  • 5. Pathophysiology of endocrine system III – adrenal cortex and medulla, thyroid gland
  • 6. Pathophysiology of endocrine system IV – parathyroid gland, metabolism and deficiency of D vitamins, calcium and phosphate metabolism disorders, pathological bone remodelling
  • 7. Pathophysiology of age-related processes, aging, longevity, death
  • 8. Pathophysiology of hematopoietic system I – haematological malignancies and precancerous states (myelodysplastic syndrome, leukaemias, lymphomas and multiple myeloma)
  • 9. Pathophysiology of hematopoietic system II – disorders of primary and secondary haemostasis (common hypo- and hypercoagulation states), thrombosis and embolization in typical locations
  • 10. Guest: Pathophysiology of hematopoietic system II – iron metabolism regulation and its disorders, etiopathogenesis of selected forms of anaemias (sideropenic, chron. disease), iron overload
  • 11.Pathophysiology of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints and muscles) incl. rheumatology (arthritis in systemic autoimmune diseases), muscular dystrophies, sarcopenia etc.
  • 12. Pathophysiology of nervous system I - motoric system (motoneurons, neuro-muscular junction, extrapyramidal system, cerebellum)
  • 13. Pathophysiology of nervous system II – etiopathogenic mechanisms od selected CNS disease (demyelinisation, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation)
  • 14. Dean’s day
  • 15. Integrated pathophysiology of fluid, electrolyte and pH homeostasis
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • DAMJANOV, Ivan. Pathophysiology. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier, 2009, vii, 464. ISBN 9781416002291. info
    doporučená literatura
  • Taschenatlas der Physiologie (Online). Edited by Agamemnon Despopoulos - Stefan Silbernagel. 5th ed., completely rev. and. New York: Thieme, 2003, xiii, 436. ISBN 1588900614. info
Výukové metody
lecture
Metody hodnocení
The pathophysiology course is finalised by an oral exam. Student will select questions from 4 different topics and he/she is given time to prepare answers (up to 120 min). The following topics will be represented by 1 question in the oral exam:
P: practicals
A: circulatory, respiratory systems and kidney pathophysiology
B: gastrointestinal, endocrine, hematopoietic, musculoskeletal and nervous system pathophysiology
C: general pathophysiology
Study materials include practical tutorials, recommended literature and handouts provided for lectures.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
UCB Auditorium A11/334, Wednesdays 17-18.40
Další komentáře
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Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích jaro 2018, jaro 2019, jaro 2020, jaro 2021, jaro 2022, jaro 2023, jaro 2024.